Paper Display
Paper Display is a cheap electronic display technology the mimics paper and is even flexible.
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[edit] Overview
PaperDisplay, which is located in Norrkoping, Sweden, manufactures and sells low cost displays printed on paper substrates for applications in smart labels, smart packaging, printed matters, etc.
They have created the world's first printed paper display.
- Disposable
- 0.005 €/cm2
- Low voltage
- Low power
- Sun light readable
- High viewing angle
[edit] Specifications
- Electrical, normal operation
- T: 20-24°C
- %RH: 35% to 65%,
- Area: 0.8 cm2
- Drive Voltage, Vd: Switch voltage 3 V
- Switch time, ts: < 10 sec.
- Switch charge, Qs: 0.5 mC
- Switch current, îs: < 140 µA
- Switch energy, Es: < 1.5 mWs
- Sustain Current, Isus: < 10 µA
- Contrast, ΔL*: > 15
- Retention (Without power): tR > 15 min
- Operating life time: No. of switches > 400
- Shelf Life: 12 months
[edit] Technology
Paper Display’s products are based on Acreo's electrochemical (EC) paper electronics technology which utilize novel printing inks in conventional printing equipment to achieve low cost paperlike displays. It uses readily available Agfa PEDOT coated paper.
In this technology the display element is structured as a lateral electrochemical cell with an active electrode (pixel) and a counter electrode. Both are covered by a solid electrolyte. The electrodes which are made from PEDOT-PSS (supplied by AGFA) serves both as electrochromic material and electrical conductor.
The paper display is partly bi-stable which means that once it is switched it only takes a small sustain current to keep it updated. This is unlike e-paper which is fully bi-stable and requires no sustaining current.
[edit] Manufacturing
A slightly modified label printing press is used for manufacture the paper displays in only three printing steps. Optional printing steps can be used for the graphic appearances. The printing speed is 5 to 20 m/min but it has a potential to be increased to more than 100 m/min.
